Compare the representation on I tituba, black witch of salem (Maryse Research Paper

Compare the representation on I tituba, black witch of salem (Maryse conde's) and the salem witch trials in the Crucible, film based on Arthur miller's play - Research Paper Example Thus we can say that both the story telling traditions had elements of magic and mysticism incorporated into it. Suddenly in the year 1692 the family members of Samuel Parris suffered from strange fits and the cause of such fits were attributed to witch craft. Then in the process Tituba and two other women were condemned as witches and the cause of the suffering of the Parris family. During the trial the two other women said that they did not know anything about the witches. But Tituba gave detail descriptions of witches and told that she had tried to kill the children. As a result Tituba and the other women were sent to jails. By the end of May in the year 1692 the prisons were filled with women who were arrested because it was believed that they practiced witch craft. Those who were arrested were not tried for long years and when they were tried they were easily accused without any evidences. Only claiming a lady to be witch was enough to accuse her as a witch and hence started the trend of witch craft in the village of Salem. (Wilson, 17-37). â€Å"The Crucible† is a movie based on the play of Arthur Miller the significant characters are John Proctor, Abigail Williams and Reverend Hale. It was Abigail Williams who had set the tempo of the film. Abigail was an orphan unmarried girl and in the society of Salem her position was not more than those of the status of Tituba and the other servants. Therefore there was a growing frustration in her mind and she wanted to uplift her position and wanted to gain importance in the eyes of the society. She could easily achieve her desire with the hysteria she created with the witch craft. She was able to instigate all the other members of her group to use the theme of witch craft and with the help of her group members she was able to send nineteen members to the jail. After this the situation was such that just the words of the girls were enough to send anybody from Salem to the jail under the allegation of

Poetry Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Poetry - Coursework Example 2. On a Sunday evening, the cars that spent relaxation time in the countryside return to the city to bring their passengers back to work/school again. 3. Children play ragball on the streets on a Saturday afternoon. 4. Yes, the speaker is in the poem content. The speaker constantly refers to her/himself in the first person (i.e. I). S/he, for instance, â€Å"have done [the] laundry,† is â€Å"sitting by the window,† etc. Little Rich Boy 1. The little rich boy visits the speaker because he wants something from the speaker which his rich father can't give him. It was â€Å"something more solid, something more – substantial.† 2. The boy receives something to suck, chew, and blow out in balloons - a gum, perhaps. 3. The speaker gives the boy the twist. 4. The boy didn't want the twist at first because he thought it was a cane, belt, or whip – things associated with physical punishment. A shumba is a kind of growling monster. Other Questions 1. The autho r employed language in a way that makes the poem accessible and easy to follow. Most of the words used are simple and have direct, literal meanings. The poem flows seamlessly from one word to another and from one sentence to the next, because of the simple vocabulary used. As a result, literal interpretations are easily obtained after reading the entire poem.

Changes in family structure and modern family

Changes in family structure and modern family Due to its purchasing power, the family is believed as the most important consumers buying unit by many marketers (Dalakas Shoham, 2005). Therefore, a great number of previous studies have been done to understand how a family makes purchasing decisions over the years. As new social trends, the structure of family has changed dramatically in the past three decades in most countries in the world (Brace et al, 2008). The family is convinced as composing by parents and unmarried children in traditional mind. However, in the modern society, the definition of family has moved from only couple and children to family household. According to European Community Household Panel, a family household is a group of people who live together, share the bill and housekeeping arrangement (Askegaard et al, 2006). In view of most marketers, changes in family structures provide marketing opportunities. As the differentiation of the composition, families need and demand is diversified than before. Changes in family structure and modern family Family household types in modern society are diversified, such as single parent families, reconstituted families, unmarried cohabitation families, traditional families, couple with no children families and roommate family households. The reason of diversified family household type is that unmarried cohabitation, delayed marriage and delayed childbirth are trends for young people in the recent years. Furthermore, there have been increases in the proportion of the return of mothers to the workforce and the number of divorces and a decrease in the proportion of intact family unit (two biological parents and their dependent children). It is known that 76 per cent of UK children in 2004 lived in a family unit headed by a couple (UK Office of National Statistics, 2005). But, this official data does not differentiate families by couples who are intact or step parent. Also, it is acknowledged that 83 per cent of children in step parent families or single parent families live with their natur al mother (Brace et al, 2008). Therefore, most of single parent households are headed by females. Although the family types are diversified in the present day and age, intact families, step parent families and single parent families are three major types of composition for modern families. Haskey (1998) indicated there has been an obviously decline in the intact or traditional family household type and step families are more prevalent than single parent households. People are remarrying more often than before, and male is more likely to reconstitute a family than female. For example, step families are the fastest growing type of family in the UK (Mintel, 2005). There are totally 35 per cent British parents live as a non-traditional family unit. Concretely, 19 per cent of British parents are single parents. 16 per cent of British parents have children with ex-wife or ex-husband and now reconstitute families with new partners and the children (Mintel, 2005). Family structures have changed, which influence family decision making. Thus, some researchers argue that family communication has become more open and democratic (Belch and Willis, 2001). Particularly, the role of women has changed in the present society. The changes include education, increasing number of double-income families and the advent of career women. Further to say, these changes have impacted on family buying decisions and the role structure between family members. An increasing number of women are contributing to the incomes of their families and more women are motivated to succeed in their careers. For instance, nearly 60 per cent of women in New Zealand are employed in the workforce (Beatty Lee, 2002). This is much higher proportion than before. Some previous studies indicated that a persons power to make family purchasing decisions depends on his/her ability to satisfy his/her marriage partners needs (Beatty Lee, 2002). Therefore, the more a husband contributes to the resources of the family, the more the wife will accept the husbands buying decisions. In the same way, if the wife contributes significantly to the family income, then the wifes impact on family buying decisions would be greater than in families where the wife does not provide income to the family. It does not mean the person who contributes a dominant income to his/her family must accounts for the completely dominant position in the family buying decision making process. It is more likely that there is more equality in double-income families. Therefore, a wifes occupational status has an obviously effect on the family decision making. The prevalence of women working outside the home is not only because of the necessity to help the family in finance, but also because of the changes in social and cultural trends. Therefore, women obtain more power in some families which both family members will make decisions jointly. This type of family is more likely to be called modern family and it has a more democratic influence structure. In contrast, a traditional family has a more dictatorial husband and the decisions are made more autocratic. Family life cycle There are many factors influence family buying decisions. Despite the family type and womens role in the family, family life cycle (FLC) also significantly affects the family purchasing decisions. The family life cycle describes the changes that occur in family and family structures as they progress over time (Askegaard, 2006). The FLC shows the changes in both the family income and family composition over time. As the time passed, the needs and demands of families tend to change. Therefore, their preferences and behaviours will be changed. Families in similar stages of the life cycle share similar demographic, financial and buying characteristics. In contrast, families at different life cycle stages show different interests, needs and demands and use different communication strategies (Lee Levy, 2004). Childrens roles in family buying decisions Since 1990s, the growing awareness on childrens role is largely because of childrens steadily increasing impact on family buying decisions and increasing spending power (Caruana Vassallo, 2003; Dalakas Shoham, 2005; Fan Li, 2010). Many previous studies pointed out that children have became an extremely vital consumer group which influences family purchases of various products in many ways (Burns et al, 2007; Caruana Vassallo, 2003). Thus, many marketers recognize children as a primary market, an influencing market, and a future market. For example, children in the USA directly spent over $60 billion and influenced over $380 billion of spending by other members of their family per year (Chou Wut, 2009). In Australia, the adolescents market is estimated to be worth about $3.9 million, and in New Zealand the market size is about $800,000 (Wimalasiri, 2004). Therefore children are increasingly attractive targets for marketers. Children as independent consumer In the contemporary world, as primary market, children have increasing spending power in terms of being independent customers. They are seen as different from previous generations. Today, children are more connected, more direct and more informed. They have more personal power, more money, more impact on family decisions and attractive more attention than their parents and ancestors. Most of teenagers receive allowances from their parents or eldership. Also, a great number of adolescents have income from jobs. Past study showed 51.1 per cent of the high school students admitted that they get an allowance from family members in the USA and the median amount was $50 (Dalakas Shoham, 2003). Moreover, Chou Wut (2009) indicated children who between ages of 2 to 12 independently spent $29 billion per year by using their own money and further to say, they indirectly influence $320 billion worth of household purchase. Childrens influence on family buying decisions In addition, children are also major influencers within the family decision making unit. They attempt to and succeed in influencing family purchasing decisions. Several researches have shown that the childrens degree of influence in purchase decisions varies with the type of product (Beatty Lee, 2002). They have the most influence on buying decisions when they are the primary users of the products, for example, toys, games, and school supplies. They are also influential in purchase decisions about products which for all family members, for example, vacations, furniture, movies, and eating out. However, they have less impact on these products than in the products which they are the primary consumers. According to Dalakas Shoham (2003) reported, 34 per cent of nine to 14-year-olds acknowledged they influenced their parents purchasing decisions on videogame systems, 19 per cent affected decisions on vacation choice, 18 per cent have impact on stereo equipment, and 14 per cent particip ated the family decisions making process on computer equipment, VCRs, and televisions. Moreover, adolescents influence has been affected by the cost of the products on purchasing decisions. Their influence decreased for expensive family purchases. Furthermore, they have most influence as regards product type, colour and brand. One of the areas where children have the major impact is food purchasing decision. Food plays a vital role in family life and it is the main expenditure for most families. Children have most influence on the food and the meals which are easy to prepare. US studies have shown that in the major categories of food and drinks, playthings and clothing and TV programmes, children have an obviously influence (Chou Wut, 2009). In the UK, 84 per cent of parents said that their children decided what food to buy. 29 per cent parents admitted that their children impact on the choice of furniture. Even 20 per cent of parents said they like to listen to their childrens suggests about their own clothes when purchasing (Dalakas, Shoham, 2005). Also, through a survey, cable television networks in the USA found that children affected average of 43 per cent of total purchases which are made the decisions by parents. Further to say, mothers who shop with their kids normally spend 30 per cent more than they originally plan and fathers spend 70 per cent more (Caruana Vassallo, 2003). The ways and factors for children to affect family decisions Generally speaking, there are four different ways for children to influence family buying decisions. First, they hugely involve in affecting their parents to purchase products which they are the finally users. Second, older children buy the products which they want directly by using their own money. This money is received as allowances or salary. Third, children participated and affected their parents in family buying decisions making process for family products. Lastly, parents consult their childrens opinion for some of their own purchase. Therefore, children exert a certain influence on the overall family decisions. Children have more influence during the problem recognition and information search stage, but their influence decreases at the finally decision making stage. Their influence can be direct or indirect. Young children more tend to impact family purchases by directly asking. However, older adolescents may use various strategies to impact their parents decision making. Except the direct requests, they also take other actions like bargaining, persuasion, or using emotional strategies. A childs age is an important related factor of the childs influence on family decision making. Older children have fewer requests than younger children and their parents more tend to satisfy their request. The parents believe the older children have more experience with shopping and products, so they easily yield than before. Also, parents are convinced that their older children possess more understanding of economic concepts and have higher skills on shopping than younger children. Furthermore, childrens influence on family decisions is affected significantly by family type. Children in single parent families or one child families have more influence than others and the adolescents in modern families affect their families more obviously than adolescents in traditional families. The reasons for children influencing family decisions In the current era, family communication has become more open and democratic. Parents pay more attention to their children and spend more time to listen to their childrens opinions. These changes in family communication caused children can exert influence on family purchasing decisions making process. Furthermore, the influence of each child has increased because of the trends of smaller number of children in families. Because of the returns of women to workforce, most families economic status is in good condition. It not only means parents can afford enough money to satisfy their children request, but also pushes the children to take more responsibility for family decisions. This is because working couples have little time to make decisions and have to give their children more power. The analysis of implication for marketing There are many factors influence the children when they making purchasing decisions and shape their habits at the present. The top three influence factors are family, friends and media. All of them have outstanding impact on childrens shopping skills and behavior. In details, the family has been believed as it has the most influence on children in the purchasing process of food products, health care products and furniture. On the other hand, friends and the media play an extremely important role in affecting the discretionary purchase of the children. In fact, most of marketers consider the media as the most powerful affecting factor to impel the children to make purchasing decisions. They are convinced the television advertising is the greatest influence marketing communication tool. Moreover, previous marketing researches also suggested the companies to access the children seriously with child friendly amenities, colourful and playful displays and even credit cards (Caruana Vassal lo, 2003). In addition, it is known that most of children have low brand loyalty for most products. Because of their strong curiosity, they are easily to be attracted by original and distinct products. However, once they build the brand loyalty for one particular brand, they will be lifetime consumers for the brand. Furthermore, for the ethic thinking, the marketers ought to avoid displaying violent or pornographic pictures to children in their advertising. This is because children are not mature enough and cannot understand the meaning of this kind of advertising. Further to say, children very like to imitate what they saw. Thus, it is dangerous for children to access violent or pornographic advertising. For example, there was lots of news regarding that children did violent events after playing violent games, such as GTA, Counterstrike, or watching violent movie. An analysis of the situation of children in China Children in China have become the most significant target consumers for many marketers. This is not only because China has the largest population of children in the world, but also due to the fact that Chinese children have more economic power and influence in their families than children in other countries. Fan Li (2010) mentioned that there are 1,321.29 million people in China at the end of 2007. Among others, 19.4 per cent (about 256.60) are under the age of 14. This made China become the largest potential market. In the present China, children have more discretionary income compared with before and also exert a greater impact on family buying decision than other countries children. One couple one child has been a basic state policy in China for a long time since the early 1970s. Therefore, as the only child in the family, both parents and grandparents give most of their love and attention to the child. Even it caused a seriously problem raised in China, the Chinese children have been considered as being like Little emperors/empresses. A part of parents would like to satisfy their childrens each request as possible as they can. Due to the importance of Chinese children, marketers did many researches to seek the most relative information sources for Chinese children. Finally, they found that TV, parents, store visits and friends were ranked as the most significant sources to receive information for Chinese children (Fan Li, 2010).

Primo Levi- Pain Retold, Is Pain Redoubled Essay -- essays research p

"Pain retold, is pain redoubled" What prompts someone to write about their suffering, and how do they convey a sense of their emotions to the reader? Primo Levi is a Holocaust war victim, a survivor from Auschwitz, who for years was plagued by guilt because he survived - a feeling that is passed on in Jewish tradition, which I understand being a fellow Jew. Jewish heritage is very important to all Jews; myself included, which is one reason why I can connect with the poet/author, his poems and his other works. Levi decided to write, rather than keep in, his feelings, and subsequently wrote both poetry, and a variety of prose, both fiction and autobiographical. The emotions in two of his poems, 'Shema' and 'The Survivor' are a melange of guilt, anger and sorrow. Levi feels guilt that he is living when so many he knew are dead, he is angry at how people are forgetting what happened less than 50 years ago, and also sad at what has passed. These emotions are portrayed through various means in 'Shema', the two most effective being repetition of certain thought-provoking words, "†¦empty eyes†¦empty womb†¦" "†¦cold heart†¦cold hand†¦" "†¦hard heart and eyes†¦hard like a rock†¦". These words give an impression of what Levi feels for his captors, while invoking numbness that makes it real. The harsh consonant sounds, "creating cages for captivity" invoke feelings of timidness because of the harsh attack from the words, even after it has been translated from the native Italian. Levi wrote other books, and in one (Survival In Auschwitz) it struck me how matter-of-factly he wrote down his observations. Although the subjects of his works are the horrors that he saw during his time in the Death-camps, Levi wrote it so people could learn what it was like, so Jews and non-Jews alike could witness the memoirs of a survivor. The description of the number tattooed on his arm, which functioned as an impromptu meal ticket, is registered as merely one more fact of life. "†¦We became used to showing our number promptly enough not to disorder the daily operation of food-distribution; weeks and months were needed to learn its sound in the German language." Levi documents the mundane life of the camp, a side that is not often seen, laying out his experiences with a reserve... ...te the past into the present and the future, to expand in knowledge. His works not only captivate and interest, but they convey a deeply personal sense of true experience that makes the stories special and real. From reading his works you not only understand the pain, guilt and anger, but also the need for repentance. Levi believes his repentance comes in telling and re-telling his story. His work serves as a reminder to everyone- not to let prejudice blind you against evil, to remind people of the great sorrow that happened, and not only does it educate and inform people, it also expresses feelings that should not be forgotten in case another Holocaust should happen. It serves as to inform people, or also remind them of what happened. It is his catharsis, and our education. Truly, his work is Shema: Listen. Biography: Calling of Kindred IL SISTEMA PERIODICO, 1975 - The Periodic Table SE QUESTO ? UN UOMO, 1947 - If This is a Man / Survival in Auschwitz AD ORA INCERTA- or- L'OSTERIA DI BREMA, collected poems Conversations with Primo Levi by Ferdinando Camon (1989) Quote: Chinese proverb, "The Wisdom of the Chinese Sages" published 1987.

Apple engineers

For example, 600 Apple engineers developed operating system in two years unlike 1 0,000 Microsoft engineers, who developed Window Vista in five years. There are two major advantages f team stars: 1) Sheer firepower – the integration Of world class talents which increases performance and productivity. 2) Synergy – the bringing together of a pool of the best thinkers which ignites creativity and ideas. Good talent management Understanding the team members' strengths is critical: Team effectiveness arises as a result of understanding the strengths of each team member.Know their ability, in order to fill roles outside of their current positions. Indeed, care should be taken to avoid talent hoarding a situation of confining star players to an organizational division. Don't create disincentives for teamwork. Avoid inappropriate assessment methods which leads to team disincentive. For instance, Microsoft's â€Å"stack ranking† performance evaluation system, created a co mpetition amongst employees, instead of competing with its rivals. There is a chance that â€Å"A† players would not like to work with each other in fear of being seen as a weak member/link.Own the pipeline As talent is always a key component of strategy, the organizations should keep recruitment process internally. There is a danger of denomination among team members when the organization recruits externally at the expense of its internal talents. Internal talent should be recognized and roomed. Play your best hand: This entails making the right choice of the mission and the critical projects. The teams with star members should be used for big and strategic projects. For instance, to development Boeing 777 airliner, the company began by assembling its best team of engineers.It then incorporated customers and use of new technology, which led to the job completion in less than four months, paving way for the aircrafts centralization in less than five years. For Caesar, Hurrah' s and Horseshoe brands, they choose other strategic importance like determining the promotion to offer, when to offer them, which customer to target etcetera. Besides, they choose to implement direct marketing by eliminated overlapping promotions and its generating profitable revenue. Despite changing the company's marketing effort being difficult, success can be achieved through a skilful team.Anticipate what could go wrong within a team: Big ego, little progress: The star team players should aim at achieving common goal rather than being dominated by their egos with little progress. For instance, the United States of America's National Basket Association team succeeded in 1 992 Olympic Games due to focusing on achieving a common goal of success for America. Overshadowing the rest of the cast: The use of â€Å"A† team should not over shadow â€Å"B† players. In spite of the former having the best talents, both groups should work in unison in order to succeed.Hence, th ere should be a common reward and performance evaluation system for both the â€Å"stars† and â€Å"non-stars†. Great team members, mediocre leaders: Organization should take time in picking team leaders and getting feedback from the members in regard to the leaders early enough. Team members should be given the opportunity to give a feedback of their leader. If the leader, Cannot definitely perform, the organization should change him/her- For instance, Manchester United has changed its coach at the end of last season due to him being unable foster good results for the team.Short pitch of above information: 1 ) Star teams from star players outperform the average teams with ordinary members four times. 2) Care should be taken to prevent individual egos within a star team, lest it underperformed. 3) There are two main merits of star teams are: â€Å"Sheer firepower – the integration of world class talents increases performance and productivity. ‘Synergyâ₠¬  – the pooling together of best thinkers ignites creativity, innovation and new ideas 4) The best teams are managed through: Understanding where each member's strength lies and sharing these talents.Universal policies, rewards, and performance assessment process should be put in place for all the team players. Otherwise, demonstration is bound to crop within the team, if variations exists. It is vital to groom the internal talents, instead of outsourcing, particularly when it comes to the recruitment process. This will make the team players work hard to in order to be recognized and promoted. 4) use your best employees for big and strategically important projects. These act as the driving force for the team building. 5) What could go wrong?

Analysis of “Where Does the Temple Begin. Where Does It End?” by Mary Oliver

Sultan Qaboos University- Language Centre FPEL EEAL0560 Poetry Project File Analysis of â€Å"Where Does the Temple Begin. Where does it end? † by Mary Oliver [pic] Name: Eman Amer Salim AL-amri . ID Number:102400. Section: 350 . Submitted to : Nicholas Hilmers. Where Does the Temple Begin, Where Does It End? There are things you can’t reach. But you can reach out to them, and all day long. The wind, the bird flying away. The idea of God. And it can keep you as busy as anything else, and happier. The snake slides away; the fish jumps, like a little lily, out of the water and back in; the goldfinches sing from the unreachable top of the tree.I look; morning to night I am never done with looking. Looking I mean not just standing around, but standing around as though with your arms open. And thinking: maybe something will come, some shining coil of wind, or a few leaves from any old tree –they are all in this too. And now I will tell you the truth. Everything in the world comes. At least, closer. And, cordially. Like the nibbling, tinsel-eyed fish; the unlooping snake. Like goldfinches, little dolls of gold fluttering around the corner of the sky of God, the blue air. Glossary: Lily: â€Å"type of plant that grows from a bulb and that has large white or coloured flowers†.Finch: â€Å"is a small bird with strong beak†. The poem where does the temple begin, where does it end? Was Written by Mary Oliver and Published in 2004 by Beacon Press in the book Why I Wake early. Mary Oliver is one of the most famous American poets. She was born s on September 10, 1935 Maple Heights, Ohio. Her job is poet and she has taught at several universities. Furthermore she won the Pulitzer Prize in 1984 the L. L. Win ship/PEN New England Award in 1990 and the National Book Award in 1992, and her essays appeared in Best American Essays 1996, 1998 and 2001. ( www. ikipedia. org) Oliver loves nature and it inspiration and describes the sense of wonder it instills in her. Her creativity is inspired by nature. Moreover Oliver’s poems are filled with lots of imagery and that is because of her daily walks near her home and close to nature. (www. wikipedia. org ) The meaning of the title is a question, about where can you start looking and thinking and wonders about a miraculous things in nature (animals, wind, plant†¦ etc. ) and where you stop doing that. She uses the word temple to give the idea that the nature is a sacred thing .The main theme of the poem is that the writer wants us (the readers) to look at nature with a sense of exploration. Everything will come to you in the end, whether it is something you want to discover in nature or in other meaning you want to achieve it in your life. There are 15 lines in the poem. The speaker is a woman, probably the poet herself. The rhythm of the poem is fast and energetic. The poem doesn’t have a rhyme scheme. There are four similes and one metaphor in the poem. This po em is all about the nature and a sense of wonder.In the first two lines, the speaker tells us that there are somethings you can’t have. You can’t reach them. Even if you try all day long, you will not reach all of them, for example, some birds in the top the tree or some beautiful fish in a pond. Maybe she also means that there are some dreams you will not be able to achieve all of. Even if you try and work hard to achieve them for several years, you can’t make them all happen. However, you still can have some faith that you may be able to reach some of them if you want it deeply.Line 3 describes the wonderful things that you can see in nature that are made by god. Line 4 tells us that all these amazing creatures were made by of god . Line 5 continues from line 3-4 the feeling that all this nature that god created can keep you busy and wondering about the greatness of nature’s creation. As busy as anything else is a simile, which means that nature can cap ture a lots of your time. Just looking at it and the variety of the creatures that you can see in nature can captivate your soul and brain for you sense of happiness and joyfulness.In line 6 the writer gives us an image in the phrase the snake slides away. Here the writer describes the wonderful movement of a snake that can make you carious to know how it is created. Furthermore in the same line the speaker give us a simile when she describes the jumping of a fish like a little lily which is â€Å"type of plant that grows from a bulb and that has large white or coloured flowers†. ( Oxford dictionary 2006)The writer also gives us another great image of nature :The gold finches sing from the unreachable top of the tree .Here unreachable top of the tree is connected to the first line of the poem where there are things you can’t reach even if you want to like the gold finches who sing from a far place. In line 7 the writer invites us to look at nature by saying I look and then saying morning to night where she means she looks at nature all day long without feeling bored or done with looking. In line 8 the writer tells us that in line 7 when she said looking she didn’t mean just standing around in nature, but standing around as though with your arms open .Here I think the writer means that your mind should be open and think about what god created . In line 9 the poet extends this idea by saying that when you stand around with your mind open and working, maybe something will come to you, for example, a shining coil of wind. Maybe she means some air which will give you an energetic spirit. Moreover when Oliver says few leaves from any old tree, maybe she means that it may be you in your childhood or any old memory. In Line 10 the writer wants to get our attention by saying I will tell you the truth as if she will tell us secret or give us advice.In Lines 11-12 Oliver explains that, by saying everything in the world comes and I think she means her e that anything you want will come to you ( you will achieve it ) and will happen for you . The phrase at least, closer means at a closer time. In line 13 she completes lines 11-12by saying that the things that will happen, will happen cordially (in a friendly way). In line 14 Oliver uses simile in the phrase like the nibbling; tinsel –eyed fish; the unlooping snake. Oliver focuses on the state of these animals just to let us imagine with her the small details.Line 15 also has simile in the phrase like gold finches which means that the birds (gold finches) will also come at least in the end, and here lines 13-14 are related to line 11. In the phrase little dolls of gold Oliver uses a metaphor, saying that the gold finches are like small dolls. Moreover fluttering around the corner of the sky of god means moving and flying in the area of the sky which belongs to the god , and the blue air refers to the sky were you will see the gold finches flying. In conclusion, where does th e temple begin?Where does it end? is a poem that is about nature. Furthermore it has some hope and supports us because in my opinion experiencing at nature and having some new air can change your mood and your feeling. This poem is one of the best poems I have read because I like the nature and animals and it reminds me about my town Salalah. However, the poem lacks the rhyme scheme element which is in my opinion a weakness in the poem. Furthermore it has simple words and actually it has an energetic spirit. Moreover nature is always my favorite theme. Bibliography:Oxford dictionary Oxford University Press 2006 printed in china www. panhala. net/Archive/Index. htmlRetrieved on 19112012 (the poem) Retrieved on 21112012 www. wikipedia. org Retrieved on 24112012 Oliver is book† Why I Wake early† www. amazon. com Retrieved by Tina Silva on 1122012 collection of Oliver is poems http://rinabeana. com/poemoftheday/index. php/category/mary-oliver Retrieved on 3122012 an article by Ratner Rochelle written on Apr 15, 2006 www. connection. ebscohost. com Retrieved on 12122012 Image for Oliver www. google. com [pic]